bp oil spill microbes

sufficient dissolved oxygen is necessary for water quality. Our atmosphere is 21 percent oxygen, or 210,000 parts per million (ppm), but rarely a pond is greater than 10 ppm of dissolved oxygen in its "water. Several studies suggest that 4-5 ppm NO is the minimum amount to maintain the population diversity of big fish and not exceeding 5 in a water body is healthy. And need air to breathe, aquatic organisms need to do to live. Fish invertebrates, bacteria and all plants need to make your breath. Oxygen levels that remain below 1-2 mg / l for a few hours can result in large fish kills. Photosynthesis and aeration are two common methods oxygenate the water. The cooling of a stream or by mechanical means and photosynthesis of algae and phytoplankton channels allow oxygen to enter the water.

The amount of dissolved oxygen is a measure of the biological activity of the masses water. The difference between the physical concentration of oxygen in the water and the amount of oxygen used by aquatic organisms is called biological oxygen demand (BOD). When BOD levels are high levels of dissolved oxygen decreases, because oxygen which is available in the water is consumed.

More losses of oxygen occur in the summer months because 1) water Hot contains less oxygen dissolved in fresh water or cold, and 2) because the oxygen demand is greater in the waters of the hot water in cold water. Most aquatic organisms become more active during periods of hot water and less active during cold periods thus more oxygen. In addition, when the water visibility is limited to less than 12 inches, due to lack of oxygen in the phytoplankton density becomes a concern. These flowers are very dense or use large quantities of comics in the night and in cloudy / cloudy days without wind, causing a loss of layer of oxygen and possibly kill fish. Soon the plankton mortality increased because the BOD of dissolved oxygen is consumed by aerobic bacteria and fungi in the process of decomposition of dead algae and some still live phytoplankton produce more oxygen. When these plants die, they become food for bacteria, which in turn multiply and use large amounts of oxygen.

The wastewater, diffuse pollution, agrochemicals, chemicals and other organic debris in the water drained, you can create increased BOD by the action of bacteria and increase the use of oxygen while feeding material and decomposition. These actions thus reduce the amount of water to other agencies and the creation of increased stress on the ecosystem.

A change in the levels of naturally occur almost every year and are known as a temperature inversion or generally known as "turnover of the pond." This temperature stratification leads to stratification of oxygen, with water hot surface containing dissolved oxygen (and fish), while more oxygen depletion of the water becomes cold due to the decomposition and lack of sunlight for photosynthesis. The investment may create some anxiety, but soon are balanced.

The plant water treatment with a herbicide during the summer can lead to oxygen depletion. The risk of depletion oxygen can reduced by treating only part of the lagoon at a time. mechanical ventilation can usually save fish during the depletion oxygen.

Conclusion

sufficient dissolved oxygen is necessary for water quality. Dissolved oxygen is absolutely essential to the survival of all aquatic organisms. On the dissolved oxygen above 5 mg / l (ppm), which promotes a healthy ecosystem water.